What is the primary function of the kidneys in the body?

The primary function of the kidneys is to filter waste products from the blood and regulate fluid and electrolyte balance. The kidneys serve as vital organs in the excretory system, responsible for removing waste products from metabolism, as well as excess substances, ensuring that the body's internal environment remains stable.

In this process, the kidneys regulate the balance of various electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, and calcium, which are essential for numerous cellular functions. They also manage fluid levels by adjusting the volume of urine produced, which helps maintain hydration and blood pressure.

Moreover, the kidneys play a key role in acid-base balance, helping to maintain the appropriate pH level in the body. The efficient functioning of the kidneys is crucial for overall health, as the accumulation of waste products and imbalances in electrolytes can lead to significant health issues.